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Scientists have uncovered new evidence to suggest that Earth is leaking gases from deep inside its mantle - even in regions without any volcanic activity.

Led by researchers at The University of Manchester, the study reveals that invisible, odourless gases like helium and argon are slowly seeping hundreds of kilometres up through Earth青瓜视频檚 crust, reaching underground water supplies thousands of meters beneath our feet.

For decades, scientists have believed that the vast majority of Earth青瓜视频檚 internal gases are either pushed deep underground through tectonic activity, or escape back to the surface through volcanic eruptions.

The new research, published in the journal , challenges this understanding  and the findings could give scientists a better idea of the geological and chemical processes that take place deep inside the Earth.

青瓜视频淭hink of it like a having small puncture in your car tyre,青瓜视频� said lead author Dr Rebecca Tyne, Dame Kathleen Ollerenshaw Fellow at The University of Manchester.

青瓜视频淲e青瓜视频檝e discovered a steady trickle of gases coming from deep within Earth, even though there青瓜视频檚 no obvious volcanic activity on the surface.

青瓜视频淭his passive degassing of the mantle may be an important, yet previously unrecognised process and these findings will help our understanding of how our planet青瓜视频檚 interior works  and how much gas is escaping into the atmosphere over time. It could even play an important role in the geologic carbon cycle青瓜视频�

The researchers analysed groundwater from 17 wells in the Palouse Basin Aquifer in the United States - a key source of drinking water in a region considered to be geologically stable.

Using advanced measurement techniques, they measured for multiple types of helium and argon and found signatures to suggest these gases had travelled up from the Earth青瓜视频檚 mantle 青瓜视频� the hot, dense layer between the outer crust and the core. Importantly, the helium and argon gases detected are inert, meaning they do not react chemically or affect water quality.

Co-author Dr Mike Broadley , NERC Independent Research Fellow at The University of Manchester, said: 青瓜视频淲e found evidence of mantle-derived gasses in 13 out of the 17 wells.  These gases 青瓜视频� especially helium-3 and argon-40 青瓜视频� do not form in the atmosphere or in shallow rocks, they come from a layer of the mantle called the sub-continental lithospheric mantle, many kilometres deep in the Earth.青瓜视频�

The highest amount of gas was found in the oldest and deepest groundwater samples - some over 20,000 years old - indicating the gases have been moving slowly but steadily over a long period of time.

The researchers also found a strong correlation between the samples, suggesting they are travelling up together from the same deep source.

Their findings suggest that this kind of low-level, non-volcanic degassing may be more common 青瓜视频� and more important 青瓜视频� than previously thought. The team are now planning to investigate whether this is a globally consistent phenomenon by investigating groundwaters worldwide.

The research was carried out in collaboration with Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (USA),  Universit茅 de Lorraine (France), University of Ottawa (Canada) and the University of Idaho (USA).

Journal: Nature Geoscience

Full title: Passive degassing of lithospheric volatiles recorded in shallow young groundwater

DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01702-7

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